Medical Instruments And Equipment Medical Instruments And Equipment,Nucleic Acid Extraction Robo,Nucleic Acid Extraction Instrument,Viral Nucleic Acid Extraction Method,Urine Analyzer Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.jlgkscience.com
**1. Choose High-Quality Seeds**
When planting winter soybeans, it is essential to select varieties that are upright in growth, resistant to lodging, shading, and pests like warts. The variety should also have good fertility and a short growing cycle. A recommended option is Zhongpin 661, which has proven performance under various conditions. Choosing the right seed is the first step toward a successful harvest.
**2. Plant at the Right Time**
Sowing time plays a crucial role in the success of winter soybean cultivation. The growing period for winter soybeans typically lasts around 110 days. In most provinces, sowing should take place between mid-November and early December. Sowing too early can expose the plants to cold damage during flowering, while sowing too late may lead to difficulties in harvesting due to rain and competition with other crops such as rice or corn. It’s important to ensure good seed quality before planting to guarantee strong germination and healthy seedlings.
**3. Apply Fertilizers Properly and Timely**
Applying the right amount of fertilizer at the right time is key to maximizing yield. Basal fertilizer helps meet the nutrient needs of the plant during the early stages, promoting strong seedling growth. Organic fertilizers should be the main component, with balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. For example, 10–15 kg of compound fertilizer per acre is recommended. During the initial flowering stage, applying 3–5 kg of urea per mu can enhance pod formation. Foliar sprays, such as 2% superphosphate or 0.05% ammonium molybdate solution, can further improve grain filling and overall yield.
**4. Strengthen Field Management**
Effective field management is vital for high yields. Once the seedlings emerge, it's important to check for weak or submerged plants and transplant them if necessary. Ensuring uniform emergence and promoting early branching will help build a strong plant structure. In fields with deep soil and good fertility, removing the top growth when the plants have 4–6 true leaves can encourage more branches and pods. Chemical growth regulators like paclobutrazol can be used to control excessive growth in plants with 5–8 true leaves.
During the tillage and weeding phase, combining mulching with topdressing helps maintain soil moisture and promotes root development. Common pests at this stage include underground insects and aphids. To control underground pests, 500 ml of 50% phoxim EC can be applied with 50 kg of water per acre. Aphids can be managed by spraying 40% dimethoate EC at a 1:1000 dilution.
**5. Manage the Flowering Stage Carefully**
The flowering stage is critical, as both vegetative and reproductive growth occur simultaneously. This is when the plant grows rapidly, requiring large amounts of nutrients and water. Insufficient supply can lead to flower drop and reduced yield. During this time, it's important to manage irrigation and apply additional fertilizer if needed. If the plants grow too tall, leading to poor air circulation and increased risk of lodging, chemical growth regulators like paclobutrazol or potassium triiodobenzoate can be used.
At the start of the flowering period, applying 5–7.5 kg of urea per acre can significantly boost yield. However, if the soil is already rich and the plants are vigorous, no additional fertilizer may be needed. Instead, top-dressing combined with weeding can be sufficient.
**6. Focus on the Grain-Filling Stage**
During the grain-filling stage, the plant transfers most of its nutrients to the developing seeds. This is the time to protect the crop and ensure full grain development. If premature aging occurs due to nutrient deficiency, foliar sprays with 0.3% urea, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.05% ammonium molybdate can help. Adding a small amount of detergent improves spray effectiveness.
If drought occurs during this stage, “granule water†irrigation can increase yield and quality. As the grains mature, reducing soil moisture helps speed up the ripening process. Common diseases during this time include purple spot, gray spot, and borer disease. To prevent these, 50% carbendazim WP diluted 500 times can be sprayed at the first sign of infection, repeated every 7 days. For borer infestations, 2% acacia pine powder or 50% agarose-killed pine oil can be applied, focusing on the middle and upper pods.
By following these steps, farmers can maximize their winter soybean yields while ensuring healthy and productive crops.