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In recent years, as broiler farming has become more intensive, standardized, and scientific, the focus on effective management and husbandry has become essential to improving production levels and economic returns. The author emphasizes that in large-scale broiler operations, attention should be given to several key areas to ensure optimal growth and health of the birds.
First, temperature control is crucial during the brooding phase. For the first five weeks, the ideal temperature range is 25–32°C, gradually decreasing to 18–21°C by the sixth week. Maintaining proper temperature is vital—too high can lead to dehydration, reduced appetite, and weakened immunity, while too low may cause diseases like white diarrhea or even suffocation from overcrowding. To monitor this effectively, three to five thermometers should be placed 10 cm above the floor, and readings taken in the morning, afternoon, and evening to ensure consistency.
Second, humidity must be carefully managed. During the early stages, relative humidity should be kept between 60% and 65%, then gradually reduced to maintain dry conditions. High humidity can hinder feather development and increase the risk of respiratory issues and coccidiosis, while low humidity may cause dryness and discomfort. Adjustments such as increasing ventilation, changing bedding, or misting the floor can help regulate it.
Third, lighting plays a key role in chick behavior and feeding. For the first five days, continuous light is recommended, then gradually reduced to 20 hours per day. Light intensity should be low after the fifth day to avoid startling the birds and ensure they can eat and drink comfortably.
Fourth, proper ventilation is necessary to remove harmful gases like ammonia and hydrogen sulfide from excrement. In closed houses, mechanical ventilation systems can help regulate air quality, while open-style houses rely on controlled window and door openings. Care must be taken not to expose chicks directly to cold drafts, especially in colder seasons.
Fifth, timely access to clean water is essential. Chicks should be given fresh water immediately upon arrival, with drinkers placed strategically around the house. Waterers should be cleaned daily, and water changed regularly to prevent contamination.
Sixth, feeding must be done scientifically. High-quality, protein-rich feed should be used, with different formulations for early (0–4 weeks) and later stages (5–8 weeks). Feed should be freshly mixed and stored properly to avoid spoilage, ensuring that chickens always have access to nutritious food.
Seventh, disease prevention is critical. Vaccinations should follow a strict schedule, and hygiene practices must be maintained. Disinfection should be avoided one day before, on the day of, and one day after vaccination to avoid interference with immune responses.
Lastly, overall management must be strict. An all-in-all-out system helps reduce disease spread, while maintaining a calm environment, controlling stocking density, and managing waste promptly are also important. Effective rodent control is essential to prevent losses and ensure a healthy flock.