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In a house designed for longitudinal ventilation, exhaust fans are typically installed on the gable ends or along the side walls near the gable, which is usually the pollution side of the structure. On the opposite end, air intakes are placed either on the gable or on the side walls facing the open area. This setup creates a directional airflow that moves smoothly from one end of the building to the other along the long axis, ensuring even and efficient air circulation.
Longitudinal ventilation offers several benefits. It helps reduce energy consumption by utilizing natural wind patterns and improving the indoor microclimate. This type of ventilation also minimizes interference between adjacent poultry houses and reduces noise levels inside, which is beneficial for both animal health and disease prevention. Additionally, it addresses common issues such as low egg production in laying hens during winter and higher mortality rates in summer, which are often seen in horizontally ventilated systems.
To implement vertical ventilation effectively, several key considerations must be taken into account. First, exhaust fans should be centrally located in the contaminated area of the building. The spacing between fans should be at least 0.5 meters apart to avoid overlapping suction zones, which could lead to "wind grabbing" and reduced efficiency. Second, large or medium-sized axial fans designed for agricultural and livestock use are recommended for the exhaust system. The intake area should be significantly larger than the exhaust area—ideally a 2:1 ratio—to ensure proper airflow. All doors and windows, except for the air inlet, should remain closed during operation. Before starting the fan, the air inlet must be opened, and once the fan is running, it should not be stopped during feeding times to prevent air pressure imbalances.