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Dried jujube, also known as red dates, is a popular dried fruit with a high sugar content and strong hygroscopic properties. To ensure quality during storage, the jujubes should be fully dry, free from damage, pests, and have a uniform red color and consistent size. Due to their high sugar content, they are prone to moisture absorption and oxidation, so it's essential to store them in low temperature and low humidity conditions. Low temperatures help preserve vitamin C levels, while drying inhibits microbial growth.
During storage, besides the risk of fermentation and mold caused by moisture, pests such as rice moths, wheat moths, and beetles can also damage the dates. Rodent infestations should also be taken seriously. If any signs of insect activity or rodent damage are detected, immediate action must be taken—such as drying, pest control, and sealing the storage area—to prevent further loss.
In northern storage methods, jujubes are often stored in bulk using sacks. When piling, there should be space between each sack and between stacks for proper ventilation. The sacks should not be placed too close to the walls, especially during humid seasons. A small amount of jujube is placed outside each bag to check for moisture, and the warehouse doors and windows should be closed to minimize air exchange. When outdoor temperatures are low and dry, the air inside the storage room should be replaced with fresh, dry air. Placing lime moisture absorbers in the warehouse helps significantly reduce humidity.
When storage capacity is limited, cylindrical containers (altars) can be used. These containers should be tightly sealed with plastic film and stored in cool areas, making them ideal for summer storage.
In southern regions, due to higher temperatures and humidity, it's best to store jujubes in cold storage at around 5°C. Before removing them from the cold storage, they should be gradually acclimated to a slightly warmer environment to avoid condensation. If moisture forms on the surface of the jujubes, do not repackage immediately. Instead, allow them to air dry until all water droplets have disappeared before repackaging for transport.
For small quantities, jujubes can be stored in rice husk ash. Spread a 1 cm layer of rice husk on the floor, then add a layer of jujubes, cover with rice husk ash, and repeat the process. Stacking up to 30–40 cm high helps protect the dates from moisture and bacteria, ensuring good preservation.
At home, large covered altars are commonly used. Clean the inner walls of the altar, place a 4–5 cm thick layer of lime, then cover with two layers of paper. Place the jujubes on top of the paper and seal the altar with a cloth bag for an effective airtight seal. This method ensures long-term preservation and maintains the quality of the dried dates.
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