NMN Powder,Beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide,Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Xi'an Sentian Biotechnology Co., Ltd. , https://www.sentianbio.com
The economic value of the toad, often referred to as "the king of medicinal ingredients," is widely recognized. These creatures secrete a milky white fluid from their ear glands and skin, known as toad venom, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine. The processed dried toad skin is also considered a valuable herbal remedy. After removing internal organs, it can be dried for later use. In recent years, farmers in southern China have developed techniques to collect this valuable substance, making it an expensive and sought-after ingredient. As a result, raising toads has become a cost-effective and profitable venture, offering great potential for small-scale farming and a promising industry.
First, the breeding environment: Toads can be raised in ponds, ditches, or rice fields, provided that there is good irrigation and drainage. The water should be shallow and still, with enough vegetation for shelter. A one-meter-high wall or nylon net should surround the area to prevent escape. Inside the farm, there should be separate areas for breeding, spawning, and hatching. Black light traps are placed in the rearing pools to attract their prey.
Breeding practices involve capturing wild toads during summer, autumn, and in the evening when they are most active. Before and after the Qingming Festival, when temperatures rise, healthy, large, and disease-free individuals are selected for breeding. The male-to-female ratio is important, and a 90% fertilization rate is achievable. Spawning occurs at temperatures between 12-16°C, while hatching takes place best at 18-24°C. Within 3-4 days, the eggs hatch. During incubation, water quality must be monitored, and lighting conditions adjusted accordingly. The dark black eggs absorb sunlight well, so direct exposure is not necessary in cooler spring months, but shading is needed in midsummer to avoid overheating.
Feeding toad larvae requires water that is about half a meter deep, with a temperature range of 16-28°C. The water must be clean and unpolluted. Newly hatched toads begin feeding within 2-3 days, starting with the egg membrane and then consuming animal debris and plankton. Feeding can include pig manure, human urine, wheat bran, vegetables, and kitchen waste, twice daily. Stocking density starts at 2000-4000 eggs per square meter, reducing to 200 eggs per square meter after one month. As they grow, individuals are sorted based on size and reared accordingly. After two months, the larvae develop into frogs.
During the frog stage, the stocking density is 50-100 frogs per square meter. Their diet mainly consists of snails, ants, aphids, mosquitoes, and other small insects. Frogs grow quickly and consume large amounts of food. To meet feed demands, you can use fluorescent lights to attract insects or spread organic waste like pig manure, cow dung, and human urine to breed maggots. This helps ensure a steady supply of food.
Artificial toad farming should avoid the use of lime, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and toxic drugs. The environment should remain quiet, and water levels should be maintained high during winter to prevent freezing. It's also important to protect against natural predators such as snakes, birds, and other animals that may harm the toads.
Second, processing techniques:
1. **Harvesting**: Artificial breeding involves advanced methods to extract the venom safely.
2. **Processing of dried toad skin**: The skin can be harvested throughout the year, but the best time is from early summer to autumn. First, rinse the surface of the toad with water, then collect the dried material. Hold the toad with its head down, secure its legs on a wooden board, and gently press the ear glands, back sacs, and hind legs with a bamboo clamp to extract the white fluid. The collected liquid is filtered, strained through a sieve, and then dried in a glass container.
Toad venom is toxic, so care must be taken during collection and processing to avoid contact with eyes. If irritation occurs, washing with comfrey juice can help reduce swelling.