In recent years, the continued high prices of cultivation of large cherries have caused a dramatic increase in planting area. However, lagging management techniques have caused many problems in production, and these problems have directly reduced the output, quality, and benefits of big cherries. To this end, the author combines his own production practices and discusses several issues through in-depth investigations for reference.
1. The application of organic fertilizer is not scientific. First, the application time is improper. The survey found that in order to recover the tree vigor early, some fruit growers immediately applied a large amount of organic fertilizer without ripening after the harvest. Shortly after the application, the rainy season approached, and water accumulated in the ditch for a long time. Near saturation, coupled with the fermented heat of the fertilizer, eventually leads to dead trees. Some fruit growers applied too late until they were rushed into the shed, and they could not be watered immediately after application. In addition to the low temperature and poor phlegm, fertilizers could not be used as fertilizers. The second is to exercise too shallow or too concentrated. Applying a large amount of organic fertilizer into shallow ditch or narrow hole or spreading on the surface does not turn the plane, it is easy to burn the root system, reduce nutrient absorption, induce roots to float, and reduce the ability of the tree to resist drought and cold. The third is improper fertilization. Randomly open trenches, dig holes, and deviate or move away from the centralized distribution area of ​​the roots or between plants or between roots and roots, so that the fertilizers can be stored underground for a long time and cannot be used in a timely and effective manner. What's more, in order to facilitate the digging of the ditch (holes), he did not hesitate to break the big roots and make them not heal for a long time, which affected the growth of the tree.
2. The top dressing after fruit picking is not timely Because there is no understanding of the flower bud differentiation characteristics of big cherry, it is difficult to catch the 1st to 2 months after harvesting. This flower bud differentiation has been supplemented with topdressing during the critical period. Many growers have been dragged to the autumn or before the shed. Some partial nitrogen fertilizers, neglecting the use of phosphorus, potash fertilizers, and trace element fertilizers, have resulted in prolonged shoot lengths, reduced the number and quality of flower bud differentiation, and even a large number of degraded flowers and abortive flowers.
3. The practice of not spraying foliar fertilizer after uncovering the greenhouse has proved that it is necessary to prevent or reduce the shortcomings of fast aging and early autumn fall of the facilities for cultivation of large cherry leaves. It is necessary to spray foliar fertilizer as early as possible after uncovering the greenhouse to supplement nutrition, delay aging, and increase photosynthesis. product. However, a considerable number of fruit growers have not sprayed leaf fertilizers since they opened the greenhouse. Only one or two sprays were conducted throughout the year, which missed the opportunity to accelerate the aging of the leaves and reduced the formation of photosynthetic products, thus affecting flower bud differentiation.
4, the number of watering in the shed is too many, the amount of excessive investigation found that many greenhouses from the shed to the shed in a short time of 5 months or so watering 7 to 8 times, and each time flood irrigation , resulting in nutrient leaching, lowering the ground temperature, affecting the normal growth of roots, more importantly, flowering greenhouse temperature, affect pollination and fertilization, reduce the fruit setting rate, and even induce the occurrence of disease.
5, the ground management is not conducive to watering convenience, more than 95% of greenhouses are built in the vertical projection of the crown between the rows of a height of 25 to 30 cm, 40 to 50 cm wide rake. In order to prevent the water from flowing too fast, they were added between the strains. At least 50% of the roots of the entire tree are pressed for years under immobile axe, affecting the top dressing operation and the elevation of the ground temperature, hindering root growth, reducing nutrient uptake, and delaying sprouting, flowering, and fruit setting.
6, when the tree pruning misplaced wrong because of the habit of not understanding the growth of the results of the cherry tree, the apple and pear tree pruning method to trim the big cherry tree, often less effective, and even counterproductive. In particular, after the fallen leaves, the big branches and the cuts left on the flower buds are cut more seriously. The large incision does not heal for a long time, and no branch is formed behind the small incision, which induces the intrusion of tree fluids and germs, which is one of the main causes of death of dead trees.
7, virus tree (branch) treatment is not decisive In recent years due to a variety of reasons, the occurrence of large cherry virus disease has become increasingly serious. As long as the tree is infected with a virus, although it can flower, but if the fruit does not sit, no points are collected. Due to the unclear understanding of the mechanism of the disease and the high cost of investment in greenhouse construction and tree management, many growers cannot timely and decisively deal with the virus tree. They are still like the management of virus-free trees and take care of their results. Year after year, the virus disease not only has not been cured, but has also spread and spread, which has seriously hampered the increase in the yield and quality of large cherries.
8. The temperature inside the greenhouse is not allowed to measure the special structure of the greenhouse. The upper part of the canopy has a higher temperature than the middle part. The survey found that almost all thermometers in greenhouses were hung in the lower part of the middle of the canopy, which could not accurately reflect the real temperature changes in the shed. In particular, errors in the flowering temperature measurement will directly affect the flowering and fruit setting of the cherry.
9. Unreasonable mix of pollination trees A significant proportion of growers grow large cherries after seeing other people make a fortune. They simply do not have the basic skills to manage large cherry production. In particular, the 2-3 varieties that are not closely related to the flowering period and need to have inconsistent coldness are mixedly planted together. This is a prominent problem that currently affects production and reduces income. Spending a lot of money to build a garden planted a tree, the result is that the tree grows up, and the flower is also open, that is, sit still.
10, by the number of selling money, do not seek quality and efficiency that is not sparse, not fruit sparse, before and after the flowering period where the investigation, I saw everyone busy pollinating, almost no sparse fruit, not to mention picking leaves, Shop a reflective film.
11. The investigation of the ground temperature and light temperature found that almost all the facilities for cultivation of large cherries had focused their management on the maintenance and regulation of temperature in greenhouses, and few people used their brains to increase their temperature underground. It is often the temperature is raised too high too fast, while the ground temperature is low, affecting the rooting of the cherry tree and the absorption of nutrients, resulting in late cherry blossoms, irregular flowering, severe flowering and fruiting, and delayed maturity, affecting yield and The improvement of quality.
12. Retreatment of diseases and light prevention of the rapid expansion of the planting scale have stimulated the irregular operation of nursery families, which has also led to the serious occurrence of diseases that should not have occurred severely, such as the flow of cherries. In addition, the growers have unclear reasons for these diseases and ineffective prevention and control measures. They cannot prevent them from the source, and are tired of treatment after illness. It is too late to be found, light dead branches, severely destroyed trees.

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