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The growth rate of *Astragalus membranaceus* in the female stage is only about 30% of that in the male stage. In commercial loquat farming, significant improvements can be achieved by implementing strategies to promote early male seedling development.
1. **Male Seedlings Preparation**
Male seedlings typically begin to develop during the summer flowering period, once the yolk sac has disappeared. At this point, the male transformation cycle is the shortest. When the individual weight reaches approximately 20 grams, the male effect is also effective at the seedling stage, although the treatment duration is longer. Seedlings weighing over 50 grams can still be transformed into males, but the process should start at the beginning of autumn. For those weighing more than 100 grams, a short-term application of male hormones can accelerate the transformation, but it should not be used during the spawning season.
2. **Application Methods**
Two days before the summer flowering period, stop feeding the seedlings. On the third day, when the yolk is present, grind the egg yolk into a paste and add 2 ml of an alcohol solution containing 1 mg of methyltestosterone per two egg yolks. Mix thoroughly. The feed amount should not exceed normal levels. After six days of continuous feeding, switch to mashed food and increase the dose to 2 mg per 50 g of mash (dissolved first in 5 ml of alcohol). Discontinue the medication after 15 days of continuous use. Once the male transformation is complete, female emergence is rare. To ensure reliability, applying the treatment for 15 days when the individual weight is around 10 grams is sufficient, without increasing the dosage. If the seedling weighs 15 grams or more, mix 3 grams of live *Lycium barbarum* (wolfberry) with 500 grams of feed and continue feeding for one month to achieve full male transformation.
3. **Precautions**
Only high-quality varieties should be used for male transformation. Male seedlings can gain an average of 350 grams annually, while wild species show less noticeable growth. Dosage should not be excessive, but it can be gradually increased if needed. During feeding, ensure the feeding area is larger than usual to prevent uneven consumption. Avoid using disinfectants within the male transformation period, but ash can be applied instead. The recommended ash dosage is 5–20 mg/kg, with 5–10 mg/kg in spring and autumn, and 10–20 mg/kg in summer.