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There are several critical "three-day" periods in pig farming that significantly impact productivity and animal health. Proper management during these stages is essential to ensure optimal growth, reduce mortality, and improve overall efficiency.
The first crucial three-day period occurs right after mating. During this time, egg fertilization and the splitting of the fertilized eggs take place. If the sow is overfed, it can lead to a reduction in the number of viable embryos, which lowers the litter size. To avoid this, feed intake should be carefully controlled—keeping it between 1.5 to 1.8 kilograms per day, with a maximum of 2 kilograms. This helps maintain a balanced metabolic state and supports successful conception.
The second key period is the three days following farrowing. Newborn piglets are extremely vulnerable during this time, as many deaths occur due to cold exposure, crushing, or lack of colostrum. To minimize losses, several measures should be taken: ensuring a dry and warm environment, encouraging early colostrum consumption to boost immunity, fixing teats to promote uniform feeding, providing iron and selenium supplements to prevent anemia, and helping the sow recover to avoid postpartum infections.
The third important phase is the three days after weaning. This is when piglets experience the highest level of stress. They transition from milk to solid feed, lose their mother’s protection, and face a drop in maternal antibodies. All these factors can weaken their immune system and increase the risk of disease. Managing this period effectively requires careful environmental control, gradual dietary changes, and the use of preventive medications to avoid secondary infections.
Additionally, the three days after moving to a new pen also pose challenges. Piglets may struggle to adapt to new surroundings, leading to reduced immunity and increased energy expenditure. Social reorganization within the group through competition can cause additional stress. To ease the transition, it's important to match the temperature of the new environment, continue using the same feed for a short period, and monitor for signs of aggression. Strengthening disease prevention during this time ensures smoother adaptation and better long-term performance.