(I) Overcoming Barriers for High Yield of Artemisia selengensis When growing Artemisia selengensis, one must be cautious about high temperatures. This plant thrives in cool and humid conditions, making it semi-cold-resistant but not heat-tolerant. The ideal growth temperature is between 17-20°C, and when the temperature exceeds 29°C, its growth becomes stunted, with fewer and smaller leaves. As a result, summer heat is often a major factor leading to poor cultivation success. To ensure good growth and high yield, it's essential to maintain an optimal temperature inside the greenhouse. Cooling methods such as using shade nets or spraying water on the structure can help. However, some farmers mistakenly water heavily at noon during hot days, which can actually harm the roots due to the high ground temperature, leading to root damage and even seedling death. Second, preventing lodging is crucial. Artemisia selengensis tends to grow tall and weak if planted too densely, exposed to high humidity, or given excessive nutrients. This makes the stems prone to falling over, especially in wet conditions. Lodging not only reduces yield but also causes the lower parts of the plant to become damp, leading to rot and lowering the commercial value of the crop. To prevent this, early intervention is necessary. Thinning the plants to keep a spacing of about 2-3 cm between them helps strengthen the stems. Additionally, applying growth regulators like 3000 times diluted liquid or 1500 times diluted solutions can promote stronger stalks and reduce the risk of lodging. Third, protecting the crop from rainwater is important. Summer rains can cause root rot, severely affecting Artemisia selengensis yield. Therefore, it's vital to prevent rainwater from entering the greenhouse. If rain does get in, it's recommended to flush the area with clean water to avoid plant death. Fourth, disease prevention is key to maintaining leaf quality. Healthy leaves are essential for marketability. Common diseases include downy mildew and leaf spot, which can cause yellowing and decay. Prevention should start right after seedlings emerge. Spraying fungicides like Polyram or Ridomil can help control these issues. In addition, pests such as diamondback moth and cutworms should be managed with insecticides like methomyl. (B) Challenges in Growing Spinach During Summer One common mistake is improper watering. After sowing, it’s best to water lightly and consistently. If the soil dries out, add another light watering before harvest. However, avoid flooding the field, as this can damage the roots. If the spinach is extremely dry, misting the leaves with water is a better option than overwatering. Also, after watering, it’s important to remove weeds to prevent moss growth. If moss appears, remove the shade net promptly, as it can lead to rotting and dead plants. Second, protecting against rain is essential. Before a storm, check the greenhouse cover for holes and repair them immediately. Cover both sides of the shed with plastic to prevent water from entering. In heavy rain, adding a layer of soil along the edges and pressing the plastic into the soil can further protect the crop. Third, disease management is critical. Spinach is prone to damping-off, downy mildew, and bacterial rot. A common preventive measure is to spray a mixture of Big Students and Permo at 600 times dilution every five days. After a week, apply a combination of Klu 600 times, Avermectin, and Streptomycin. Insect traps and yellow sticky boards can also help control pests. Lastly, spinach is prone to convulsions before harvest, which reduces its marketability. To avoid this, it’s best to harvest early—when the plants reach 20-25 cm in height. This minimizes the risk of convulsions and maintains quality. (3) How to Avoid Convulsions in Summer Vegetables Lettuce is a semi-cold-tolerant crop that prefers cool, moist conditions. High temperatures, humidity, and strong sunlight can hinder its growth. While heat-tolerant varieties like Italian-resistant lettuce are commonly grown, they can still experience convulsions during summer. To prevent this, growers should use heat-resistant varieties and follow specific care steps. First, reducing heat and light exposure is important. Shade nets or shaded films can be used, and misting the plants during midday can help lower the temperature. Second, shortening the growth period by harvesting early can reduce the chance of convulsions, ensuring better quality. Third, proper plant density is essential. Overcrowding can increase the likelihood of convulsions, so keeping around 5000-5500 plants per acre is ideal. Finally, intercropping with solanaceous vegetables or melons can provide natural shade, helping to keep the lettuce cooler and promoting healthier growth. (D) Protecting Leaves When Planting Summer Greens One important practice is regular watering. As temperatures rise, water evaporates faster, increasing the need for frequent irrigation. For example, when temperatures reach around 35°C, watering every two days is usually necessary. If the soil feels dry after planting, it’s time to water. Don’t wait until the ground is completely dry, as this can lead to “leaf curling†or “leaf drop.†Second, foliar fertilization is beneficial. Applying a high-potassium foliar fertilizer every five days can improve plant health and resistance, reducing leaf stress. Third, thinning should be done carefully. A spacing of 3-4 cm is ideal. Some farmers tend to space plants too far apart to make them thicker, but this can actually increase leaf exposure to sunlight, leading to more leaf burn. 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