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First, caregivers and relevant staff must closely monitor the waiting time for sows during labor to ensure timely assistance. Second, before handling the piglets, confinement workers should disinfect their arms and equipment thoroughly. Once the sow gives birth, immediately remove the mucus from the piglet’s mouth and nose using a clean cloth, then wipe the entire body to keep it clean and prevent infection.
Third, if the piglet is born with the placental membrane still intact, it should be carefully removed to help the pig breathe. If a piglet appears lifeless, gently stimulate it by tapping or rubbing its body, or spray a mild stimulant on its nose to encourage breathing.
Fourth, after the umbilical cord breaks, clean the mucus around the piglet’s navel and cut the cord. If the cord is still pulsating, wait until it stops beating. Then, squeeze the remaining blood into the piglet and leave the cord about 3 cm long. Disinfect the area with 2% iodine solution. If the cord bleeds excessively due to natural rupture, apply a sterile ligature immediately to stop the bleeding.
Fifth, provide colostrum as soon as possible. Place the piglets in an incubator to keep them warm, and within 30 minutes of birth, assist them in nursing to ensure they receive the vital antibodies from the mother’s first milk.
Sixth, within 12 to 24 hours after birth, trim the teeth using a suitable tool to remove the upper and lower canine teeth. This prevents the piglets from biting each other or the sow’s teats, which can cause injury and stress.
Lastly, within 24 hours of birth, the tail should be docked at the base, cutting it one-third of the way from the root using a clean pair of forceps. This helps reduce the risk of tail biting and maintains better hygiene in the farrowing environment.
These steps are essential for ensuring the health and survival of newborn piglets, while also supporting the well-being of the sow and maintaining a clean, safe environment in the farrowing area.