Agaricus bisporus is currently the most cultivated edible mushroom.
Section 1 Materials and Formulations 1. Raw Materials. The main raw materials for cultivation of mushrooms are straws of crops (such as rice straw, wheat straw, corn stalks, rape sticks, etc.), by-products of agricultural product processing, weeds and poultry, feces of livestock, and the like. In addition, add a certain amount of mineral elements.
Second, formula. (To 0.25 mu planting area, net sowing 1000 square feet as a unit of measurement).
Raw Material Unit Quantity Raw Material Unit Quantity Bacteria Bottle 100 Farm Fertilizer Tam 40-50
Dry Rice (wheatgrass) kg 3000-3500 Urea Jin 20-25
Mushroom special fat 200 kg of lime 50-80
Oil dry weight 200-250 Membrane weight 18
Among them, there is no urea, and compound 60 kg of n, p, k 15-15-15, or 120 kg of compound fertilizer with n, p, k of 13-5-7 can be used instead.
Section II Batch Fermentation
1, stacking time: the latest should be before September 10. After the rice is harvested, it is timely to grab the sunny straw and put it on the ground as soon as possible.
2. Method of stacking materials: Build a heap in the rice field where it is appropriate to decide on mushroom cultivation. The pile is 2m wide and 1.5m high and the length is not limited. Generally 100 bottles of strains of material can be about 8-9m long. Technical Requirement: Straw should be dry, it is not appropriate to use mildew and straw for composting. The first day of stockpiling, straw should be fully pre-wet, before the construction of the heap, mushroom fertilizer, oil dry, urea and other mixed evenly. Note: Do not mix urea with lime. In the construction of the heap, the straw was first spread, and the straw shed was reconstructed, then the droppings were poured, and the ingredients (auxiliaries) were sprinkled. Each layer of straw has a thickness of 15 to 20 tons and a total of 10 to 12 layers. The top of the stack is ridged to prevent rainwater from entering. The material should be piled up around the edge of the material, and it must not be laid down on a large or small belly or waisted. It is necessary to compile the specifications so as to facilitate fermentation.
3, turn the heap: stacking time 22-25 days, turning requirements: the material must be up and down, raw and cooked up and down, do inside and out, turn around to the middle, the upper part of the lower turn, the lower part of the upper turn, turn Straight evenly. When the first turn is done, lime is turned while turning. If the material is dry, it can be hydrated and poured into the water. Build pile specifications: the first 1-2 turn, the width of the pile should be narrowed 10 times each time; 3-4 times, each time relax 10, its height is unchanged, length shortened. The moisture content of the culture material is required to be determined by an adult hand by pinching the number of drops of water between the fingers of a straw, about 15 to 20 drops during the construction of the pile, 10 to 15 drops during the first turnover, and 5 during the second turnover. - 7 drops, 4-5 drops for the third turn, 3-4 drops for the fourth turn. Set the exhaust hole requirements: Starting from the third time of turning the stack, two rows of exhaust holes with a spacing of 1m0.8m and a diameter of 10? shall be provided in the middle of the stack to improve the ventilation condition and facilitate the fermentation and the removal of ammonia gas. After the material is piled up, the moisture content is about 60-65%. Hold it by hand and dribble 2-4 drops between fingers; the 5ph value is between 7.5-7.8.
Sowing in the third quarter
1. Mushrooms Paddy soil requirements. Generally, loam, soil or sandy soil is suitable, and sand is not suitable.
2, scaffolding, open the car. The standard for building scaffolds: Take 100 bottles of bacteria as an example, you can build a shed. The shed is 10m wide and 15m long. It can open 7-8 cars or build two sheds. The shed is 8m wide, 10m long and can open 6-7 cars. Leave the aisle between each compartment, with 50-60 feet wide on each side, 10 inches wide on the side of the car, and 40 to 50 feet on the side of the car, and 110 to 120 feet on the center of the car. The walkway is 40 feet wide. The height of the top of the scaffold is 1.7-1.8m and the net surface is 68-70%. If only one shed is built, vent holes (roofs) should be opened at the top of the shed, not less than two. Each exhaust hole should have a diameter of 30-40 ,, and the exhaust chimney should be 1.1-1.2m high. The greenhouse is covered with a special black film. Leave the entrance and exit doors at both ends, and hung grass fans to shading.
3, expected to go to bed. The well-fermented culture material is picked up on a well-opened surface by using a clean mortar on the day before sowing, and the material is piled into red leeks. When sowing, the material will be shaken loose, mix well, shake flat, according to the compartment to determine the width, so that the culture material under normal elastic conditions, the thickness of 15-18?, the general thickness of not less than 12?, not more than 20?. The thinner the culture, the lower the yield. The cultivation materials are too thick and cause waste.
4. Sowing 1 Seed treatment before sowing: The night before the breeding, use 75% dichlorvos, medicine: water = 1:1 ratio, fumigation of strains to prevent the contamination of strains and tampon. The potassium permanganate solution shall be used before mashing, scrubbing and sterilizing the bottle mouth and bottle body, and the tools and containers used for culturing the bacterium should be cleaned and disinfected. After the strains are released, they are divided into soy-sized particles and cannot be rubbed.
2 sowing method. According to the area of ​​each compartment, the plants will be sown in a separate way. After half of the first sowing, the cover will be sown in the other half. The specific method: as with the grains, the bacteria evenly spread on the bed. The bacteria should be spread evenly. After the first sowing, use the grasshopper to hook the lighter material to let some strains shake off in the second layer of culture material, and spread the other half of the bacteria evenly on the surface of the material bed. Close the bed and use the back of the grasshopper to pat the bed to ensure that the bed is flat.
3 Cover a clean newspaper. After sowing, it is best to cover the newspaper on the surface of the material bed, so as to facilitate the germination.
5, management after sowing. The management focus after sowing: ventilation, cooling, moisturizing, preventing bacteria and replanting.
Section IV earth cover
1, cover time. Grasp the principle of earth-covering time: "If you don't expect time, you don't have time to wait." After sowing, when the mycelium eats material 2/3, it can be covered with soil regardless of the sowing time; about 10 days after sowing, no more than 15 days at the latest, regardless of the depth of mycelium or not, it can be covered with soil.
2, the method of covering soil. Lay off the topsoil from the walkway, dig and dig the soil with two layers of soil, and dig and cover the soil.
3, soil requirements. The soil requirements are coarse and fine, and the coarse soil is as small as a bean and as large as a pigeon egg. Cover soil thickness 4-5?. The dry moisture content of the soil should be 50-55% of water content, ie, “pinch it flat, get it round, stick it or stick it slightly” is appropriate. The effect of dry soil and damp soil is not good. The earth must be flattened, not too thin or too thick. The cover soil can be made of loamy soil, sandy loam soil, clay, and clay loam. Remember that sand can not be used.
4, bed surface treatment before covering. Before laying the soil, the material bed should be paved. The newspapers should be covered. Newspapers should be removed. Two grams of clotriaxone and two dichlorvos should be used. Diluting 30 pounds of water (one back water). Spraying on the material bed to eliminate bacteria, usually 100 bottles of bacteria. This type of bed can be sprayed with a backwater.
5, after the cover soil management. The focus of management is on ventilation, heat preservation, moisturizing and anti-heterosis. During the day, both membranes were ventilated and closed at night. In case of high temperatures, it may not be off at night; in case of low temperatures, the film may not be removed during the day. If the soil is dry, it can be less ventilated, more moisturizing, it is too dry in the case of dry days, the bed can be sprayed with water to keep the cover soil moist. If the soil is wet and if it encounters plagues, more ventilation and less moisture are needed. Such as the emergence of soil bacteria, fog can be used to spray the central disease group.
The fifth section of the mushroom, mushrooms mushrooming period management: when the mushroom, in the kinks of the mycelium, mushroom beds commonly appear pea size mushroom buds, can be sprayed a small amount of water, to 1-2 days, when the buds have Hu bean size , should increase the amount of water spray. After general mushroom harvesting, except for rainy days, water can be sprayed, especially on sunny days, and water should be sprayed after harvesting. The technique of water spray is very important. It cannot be sprayed more or less. The specific criteria depends on the day, see mushroom, see the wet and dry water spray.
Mushrooming: Mushrooms are not based on size, and mushroom age is the standard. Generally visible peas size mushrooms to harvest time: the first 3 tides, 2-3 days can be harvested, 4 after the tide, the temperature is low, 3-5 days harvest, after January, 5-7 days harvest. However, during the hot season in November, more than two times a day is needed. In short, adhere to the principle of “mining the tenderness, not picking the old, and picking it early”.
Mushroom method: The first 3 tides use the method of rotating and twisting mushrooms, and the fourth tide uses the mushroom method.
Mushroom processing: The mushrooms must be taken lightly and gently. While cutting mushrooms, cut the mud feet with a knife and cut it flat. No mud feet are allowed.

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    YIJIAN Company

    About Company
    Yanchi County Yijian Biotechnol Co.,Ltd
    was founded in Dec 2012 , 
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    the legal representative of the company . 
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