Disinfection is one of the important measures for carrying out prevention, and it is also an important link in the prevention and control of infectious diseases of all kinds of livestock and poultry. At present, it has caused the attention of livestock farm management personnel. However, in the production practice, a lot of manpower, material resources, and financial resources are used for disinfection, but the disinfection effect is not ideal. The reasons are many. The author concludes through practice that he must master the following points in order to do a good job of disinfection of livestock and poultry farms. The purpose of disinfection should be clear The purpose of disinfection is not the same, the disinfectant used is not the same, the concentration to be diluted is different, and the method of disinfection used is also not the same. If you want to kill the virus, choose to kill the virus disinfectant; if you want to kill certain pathogens, choose to kill the bacteria disinfectant. In many cases, it is necessary to consider the killing of viruses, bacteria, even fungi, eggs, etc., and choose a disinfectant with a broad spectrum of anti-drug and anti-bacterial properties so that it can be targeted. At the same time, according to the purpose of disinfection, whether it is usually preventive, or to extinguish the epidemic that is occurring, or to disinfect the farm when it is in a peak period of epidemic disease and the farm is threatened, so as to select the dilution concentration of the drug. Ensure the disinfection effect. Thoroughly clean the house before disinfection Maintaining the cleanliness of the pens is the premise and basis for guaranteeing the disinfection effect, because excrement, secretions, dust, dirt, and other organic matter of livestock and poultry can not only block the disinfectant and make it inaccessible to pathogens, but organics can also be sterilized with many kinds of The chemical reaction of the drug significantly reduces the efficacy of the disinfecting drug. The selection of disinfection drugs should be reasonable The purchase of disinfectants should be aware of the main components and levels of disinfectants and should not blindly purchase drugs. One should pay attention to the oxidizing and reducing properties of the disinfectant. Oxide, alkali, and acid disinfectants should not be compatible with heavy metals, salts, and halogen disinfectants to prevent oxidation-reduction reactions and displacement reactions from occurring, which will not only reduce the disinfection effect, but also cause poisoning to livestock and poultry. Second, we must pay attention to acidity. Two categories of phenols and acids are generally not suitable for contact with alkaline environments, lipids and soaps, otherwise their disinfection effect will be significantly reduced. In turn, alkalis, alkaline oxides, disinfectants should not be in contact with acids and phenols to prevent them from reducing the bactericidal effect. Phenolic disinfectants are generally not suitable for compatibility with iodine, Australian, potassium permanganate, peroxides, etc. Surfactant bogey and iodine, potassium iodide and peroxide can be used together to prevent the occurrence of chemical reactions and affect the disinfection effect. Some farmers do not pay attention to understanding the main components of the product and its content, do not pay attention to the actual situation, and blindly purchase drugs and medication, and some even just for cheap prices, do not pay attention to the quality of drugs, resulting in low disinfection efficiency, and even Caused environmental pollution and excessive residue of livestock and poultry products. Therefore, the livestock and poultry farms should, under the guidance of animal husbandry and veterinary technicians, dispose of the disinfectants with reasonable quality according to different disinfection targets and disinfection requirements in the venue. Disinfection method should be scientific Disinfectant drugs should be used nowadays. One time configuration should be used up within a certain period of time. It should not be stored for a long time. Otherwise, the disinfectant will be reduced or invalidated, resulting in a waste of human and material resources. Therefore, in the preparation of disinfecting drugs, the dosage should be carefully calculated according to the drug instructions and the area to be disinfected, and the formulated liquid should be used up as soon as possible after completing the disinfection area. The diluted drug solution is usually used up on the same day. Disinfection should be based on different disinfection objects, the type, nature of the disinfected substances and different disinfection requirements and other specific conditions to select the appropriate type of disinfectant and disinfection methods, such as physical disinfection, chemical disinfection, biological disinfection, etc. To use two or more disinfection methods in combination, can receive the ideal disinfection effect. Sterilization process is best to take a three-dimensional disinfection method, first at the top, all around the wall, after the ground, wall corners, disinfection drugs to spray enough, the land to be wet, to ensure that disinfection does not leave a dead end. After a certain period of time, the dirt on the disinfected object is removed, and the disinfectant is used for repeated disinfection. This disinfection method is scientific and thorough, and the disinfection effect is good. Disinfectant should be replaced regularly Some farmers in a certain stage of production practice found that a certain type of disinfectant had a good disinfection effect on their farms. Therefore, it was determined that this type of disinfectant was a special disinfectant for their farms and was used for a long time. Little do they know that the use of a disinfectant for a long period of time in an area or a livestock and poultry farm makes it easy for animal pathogens and pathogens inside and outside the farm to form drug-resistant strains due to frequent exposure to a disinfectant, pathogens to drugs The decrease in sensitivity or even disappearance is called “resistance to drugs†and naturally it will not produce good disinfection effects. Therefore, any farm in the disinfection process, must use a variety of disinfectant drugs, and can not use the same disinfectant for a long time. Sterilization process to ensure safety After using strong acids, alkalis, and strong oxidizing agents, etc., that are highly corrosive, disinfect the animals and rinse them with fresh water to prevent animals from being burned (especially young animals). After the implementation of fumigation, it is necessary to open the window for ventilation. After exhaust gas is completely drained, it can be put into livestock and poultry. Phenolics, acids, aldehydes, and alkalis disinfectants all have varying degrees of toxicity and should not be used to disinfect drinking water. It is not advisable to use these types of disinfectants to disinfect meat (other than peracetic acid). Halogens, surfactants, and oxidants are used as disinfectants for disinfection of drinking water. The concentration of the halogens, surfactants, and oxidants should be accurate. If the concentration is too high, animal organisms may be damaged or cause poisoning. If the concentration is low, the effect of disinfection and sterilization will not be achieved. The disinfection process must be carefully Disinfection work is in great detail, no leakage, no leakage, must develop a careful disinfection plan and program, and constantly improve the disinfection system, such as livestock and poultry farms should establish a disinfection pool, ultraviolet light, disinfecting hand sanitizer and other necessary anti-epidemic disinfection Facilities and equipment must be promptly replaced with disinfectant in disinfecting pools; all vehicles such as transporting vehicles, pig transporters, and drug carriers must be disinfected; internal personnel must be controlled to contact with outsiders, and so on. Only strict disinfection of the off-site personnel, vehicles, and articles entering and exiting the farm can be used to scientifically sterilize the personnel, facilities, equipment, and living environment in the venue, so as to reduce the incidence of various diseases.
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