Peacock grass, also known as red and yellow grass, is an annual flowering plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. It typically grows to a height of 20-40 cm, with a compact, multi-branched structure and purple stems. The leaves are opposite, pinnately divided, and feature lance-shaped lobes with visible oil glands along the edges. The flower heads consist of a dark red outer ring and a yellow center, giving it its vibrant and eye-catching appearance.
Through repeated hybridization, various color variations have emerged, including pure yellow, orange, and even white, alongside different bloom types such as single or double flowers. Its blooming season usually begins around May 1st and lasts until May 11th, making it a popular choice for spring celebrations.
Peacock grass is highly adaptable, thriving in warm, sunny environments and tolerating drought conditions. It doesn't require rich soil or excessive fertilization. It is frost-tolerant, able to survive early frosts, and has a short growing cycle—only about 70 days from sowing to flowering. Seedlings can be started indoors in mid-February, transplanted into 20 cm pots, and then moved outdoors after the last frost. During summer, it can be pruned to encourage bushier growth, and in autumn, it often blooms again on new lateral branches.
Due to its susceptibility to cross-pollination, it's important to isolate peacock grass varieties by at least 100 meters from other species to maintain purity. Seeds should be collected and stored separately to preserve quality. Peacock grass is not only ornamental but also has medicinal properties. It is used in traditional remedies to clear phlegm, improve circulation, and treat respiratory issues like whooping cough, bronchitis, and colds. In regions like the Russian Caucasus, people even consume it for its health benefits and longevity.
Despite its beauty, peacock grass is sensitive to extreme weather. It cannot tolerate the low temperatures of May 1st or the early frosts of November, and summer heat can cause many plants to wilt. As a result, it has become a popular choice for garden beds and flower arrangements, adding vivid color and energy to any space.
Its seeds have a low germination rate when sown directly, typically between 10% and 30%. To improve success, it's recommended to start seedlings in containers using well-draining sandy loam. Seeds should be placed on the soil surface and lightly covered with rice straw or newspaper to ensure good contact. Keep the soil consistently moist, and remove the cover once the seedlings emerge. This method increases the chances of healthy, vigorous growth.
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