Release date: 2017-12-12 Nowadays, smartphones integrate a lot of devices and have more and more powerful features, including GPS, air pressure sensing, depth perception and so on. However, for diabetic patients, the blood glucose meter is still a stand-alone device. Many scientists have tried to integrate blood glucose meters into the smartphones we use every day to meet the needs of users' daily activities and monitoring blood glucose movement. Scientists from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) have developed a smartphone case and application to help people in need record and track their blood sugar at home or on the road. Integrating blood glucose measurement into a smartphone is naturally a lot of benefits. First of all, naturally, there is no need to carry an extra blood glucose meter when going out. Patrick Mercier, a professor at UCSD's Department of Electronics and Computer Science, said, "The other benefit is that mobile phones can automatically store, process, and send blood glucose data to healthcare professionals or cloud services." The device, called GPhone, is a new proof-of-concept portable glucose sensing system developed by Mercier, nanoengineering professor Joseph Wang and colleagues at the University of California, San Diego School of Engineering. Wang and Mercier are directors and deputy directors of the Wearable Sensors Center at the University of California, San Diego. Their team published the study in Biosensors and Bioelectronics. GPhone has two main parts. One of them is a slim 3D printed case for smartphones with a permanent reusable sensor in one corner. The second part is a small, disposable, and magnetic ball attached to the sensor. These balls are placed in a 3D printed stylus attached to one side of the smartphone's case. During the test, the user first removes the stylus and places a small ball on the sensor. This step activates the sensor. The user will then drop a blood sample on it. The sensor measures the blood glucose concentration and then wirelessly transmits the data via Bluetooth to a custom-designed Android app that displays the numbers on the smartphone screen. The test takes about 20 seconds. The discarded pellets are then discarded and the sensor is deactivated before the next test. The stylus can hold enough balls for 30 tests before refilling is required. A printed circuit board enables the entire system to run the battery of the smartphone. These pellets contain a glucose oxidase that reacts with glucose. The electrical signal generated by this reaction can be measured with the electrodes of the sensor. The stronger the signal, the higher the glucose concentration. The team tested the system in different solutions with known glucose concentrations. In many tests, the results given by the system are accurate. A key innovation in the design is the reusable sensor. In glucose sensors previously developed by the team, the enzyme was permanently placed on the electrodes. The problem is that the enzyme is exhausted after several uses. The sensor will no longer be valid and must be completely replaced. The problem is solved by placing the enzyme in a separate ball. Wang said: "This system is versatile and can be easily modified to detect other substances and can be used as medical, environmental and defense applications." At the same time, the system stores a large amount of data so that users can track them for a long time. Blood glucose readings. The team envisioned one day integrating glucose sensing directly into the smartphone rather than in a single enclosure. This work is currently in the proof of concept phase. Some of the steps the team will take next include testing the actual blood sample and minimizing sample size. They also plan to add a feature to the app to send a mobile reminder to remind the user to check blood sugar. We expect that with the continuous efforts of scientists, the blood glucose testing function will be integrated into the smartphone as soon as possible, bringing a more convenient life for the majority of diabetic patients. Source: Health New Vision
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