Scientific name: Hydrangea macrophylla Seringe
English: Bigleaf Hydrangea
Common Names: Purple Hydrangea, Pink Flower, Herbal Hydrangea
Family: Hydrangeaceae, Hydrangea, Deciduous Shrubs
Morphological Characteristics:
This deciduous shrub typically grows up to 4 meters tall with thick, smooth, and hairless branches. The leaves are opposite, obovate or elliptic in shape, with a short, pointed tip. They measure 7–13 cm long, featuring triangular, blunt serrations along the edges. The leaves are light green on both sides. The plant flowers from June to July, producing corymb-shaped inflorescences composed entirely of sterile flowers. The flower colors range from blue-violet to red, forming a spherical appearance. Native to the southern regions of the Yangtze River basin, it is also found in Japan and North Korea. It is widely cultivated globally as an important greenhouse and garden plant. The color of the flowers depends on soil pH—blue in acidic soils and red in alkaline soils. It has strong adaptability, requiring minimal soil and fertilizer, but it does not tolerate excessive dryness or direct sunlight. It thrives in semi-shady, moist environments. The shrub usually reaches a height of 1–2 meters with a rounded crown. The branches are green, sturdy, and smooth, with visible lenticels. The leaves are ovate or oval, shiny on top, and slightly lighter underneath, measuring 8–10 cm in length with a pointed tip. The first corymb inflorescence can reach 20 cm in diameter, starting green to pink and later turning blue. The fruit is narrowly ovoid, yellow-brown, and angular.
Hydrangeas are a beloved ornamental plant in the Yangtze River region. They are often used in gardens under sparse shade, along streets, and on hillsides. Due to their low light requirements, they are ideal for small courtyards with limited sunlight.
These plants are perfect for planting near building entrances, lining buildings, or placing in courtyard corners. They are also suitable for hedges and flower borders. When the entire flower ball is cut, it makes a beautiful centerpiece when placed in a vase indoors.
Origin and Distribution:
Native to China, including Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi, and Guangdong provinces, as well as Japan and North Korea. They prefer shady, warm, and humid conditions, thriving in fertile, well-drained, loose soil. Soil pH significantly affects flower color.
Uses: Hydrangeas are widely used in landscaping, planted as ground cover, in flower paths, and as hedges. Potted varieties are popular for indoor decoration. Additionally, the flowers have medicinal value.
Hydrangeas have captured the imagination of people across the country. Their lush blooms frequently appear on magazine covers, home décor items, and even tableware.
In California, this year-round blooming flower offers a rainbow of colors. From soft pastels to vibrant blue, bright pink, and even striking purple-red varieties like “Matilda Gucci,†hydrangeas are versatile. They are not commonly used in wedding bouquets, but they are popular in British gardening, Flemish fruit and flower arrangements, and Christmas wreaths.
One of the most fascinating aspects of hydrangeas is their ability to change color naturally as they mature, influenced by climate and soil acidity. For example, “Preziosa†shifts from white to violet and wine red before summer. The “glow of ash†variety turns from berry red to bright red as it matures in autumn.
Jerry Boluan, a renowned grower, notes that bold and intense colors are currently in high demand. He cultivates 85 different hydrangea varieties at Green Valley Plantation in Sebastopol, California. Two of the most popular are “Blue Danube,†known for its deep purple-like blossoms, and “Nikko Blue,†which features lime-green leaves and petals that shift from gray to dark blue depending on soil acidity.
Dried hydrangeas remain just as colorful and attractive as fresh ones. Some colors turn green, while others retain their original hues. For instance, “Nikko Blue†turns bright green, with the petal tips remaining purple. If not dried properly, the air bubbles inside the flowers can clog the stems. To prevent this, it's best to place freshly cut hydrangeas in a deep container filled with enough water.
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