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Four-season garlic sprouts are among the rarest and most recently developed vegetable varieties, gaining popularity in recent years. This crop is primarily cultivated using garlic or garlic seeds, and when covered with black plastic film under a greenhouse or shed, it can produce garlic yellow or garlic moss. Although visually similar to regular garlic sprouts, its flavor remains consistent—essentially garlic without the need for traditional garlic cultivation. It is known for its strong adaptability, thriving in various soil types and requiring no specific pest or disease control. It can be planted in areas suitable for spring and summer sowing, and once established, it can be harvested multiple times over several years, with one planting lasting up to eight years.
After transplanting, four-season garlic seedlings begin to sprout, allowing for the cutting of garlic shoots. By the following spring, a large number of garlic sprouts or yellow garlic will be ready for harvest. The development of this unique variety plays a crucial role in supplementing off-season vegetable supplies, making it an important addition to modern agriculture.
**First: Seedling Cultivation**
To start, prepare a nursery bed with four-season garlic seedlings. Planting can begin when the temperature reaches 15°C in spring. Before planting, apply sufficient base fertilizer, preferably farmyard manure combined with a small amount of biological fertilizer. After plowing and leveling the land, water thoroughly and sow the seeds. To ensure even distribution, mix the seeds with fine soil or ash fertilizer, aiming for about 4,000 seeds per square meter. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of sand or dry manure, approximately 10 mm thick. Keep the soil moist, and within 10 days, the seeds should begin to germinate. Water regularly as needed, maintaining a balance between moisture and dryness.
The seedlings resemble green onion seedlings, emerging like needles and growing slowly at first. When they reach 3–4 cm in height, apply diluted human excrement. At 10 cm tall, apply 1 kg of urea per square meter through irrigation or drip systems to promote growth. Weeding and cultivating are essential during this phase.
**Second: Transplanting**
After about three months, when the seedlings reach 20 cm in height, they are ready for transplanting. Apply 4,000–5,000 kg of farmyard manure per mu. If unavailable, use 40 kg of compound fertilizer or 25 kg of bio-composite fertilizer. Plow the field deeply, level it, and plant the seedlings at a spacing of 418 cm. It’s best to transplant on sunny afternoons. Approximately 70,000 plants per acre. Ensure the seedlings are straight and well-covered with soil, then water the roots properly.
**Third: Field Management**
Once transplanted and established, water regularly during dry periods. Keep the soil loose by weeding and cultivating. Apply bio-specific fertilizer monthly at 20 kg per mu, or use 2 kg of urea per square meter through irrigation to boost growth. During peak season, growth slows slightly, and fewer weeds appear.
**Fourth: Harvesting**
About one month after transplanting, the garlic sprouts can be harvested like leeks. After harvesting, flush the field with biological fertilizer. You can separate several plants from each root, similar to leeks, and harvest every month. Yield ranges from 1,000 to 4,000 kg per mu.
**Fifth: Additional Notes**
1. Four-season garlic benefits greatly from farmyard manure, especially when combined with chemical fertilizers. With proper nutrition, yields can be significantly improved.
2. These seedlings are highly resistant to diseases and pests. If issues arise, refer to standard garlic pest control methods.
3. In colder regions, it’s best to plant in spring or summer. For winter protection, cut the tops before frost, water adequately, cover with manure or straw, and it can survive temperatures as low as -30°C. Alternatively, dig up the roots and store them in pits or indoor sand traps until spring for replanting.
Author unit: Agricultural Technology Center of Xinmi City, Henan Province