Commonly used soilless culture substrate: 1 vermiculite: a hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate, can provide a certain amount of potassium, a small amount of calcium, magnesium and other nutrients. 2 Peat: It is the accumulation of plant remains of low temperature and wetland for thousands of years. Under conditions of low temperature and low rainfall, plant residues are slowly differentiated. 3 Perlite: A white granule that expands from gray volcanic rock and is heated to 1000°C by smashing. 4 Expanded ceramsite: Porous granules obtained by firing shale material in a 1100°C kilns. 5 Crystal mud: It is a highly absorbent vehicle for storing water, nutrients and trace elements. Potted into soilless cultivation method: 1 Dilution of the concentrate is generally diluted with tap water before using 100%. 2 Remove the pots and wash the roots, remove the plants from the pots, put them into the water of similar temperature to the environment, soak the soil, and try to protect the delicate new fibrous roots. 3 Soak the washed roots in a diluted nutrient solution for 10 minutes to allow the root system to absorb enough nutrients. 4 Select the matrix, you can use vermiculite alone as a substrate, you can also add the right amount of perlite and fine sand, usually 1/3 each is appropriate, the mixed matrix must be retort sterilization or microwave disinfection before use. 5Put basin and filling liquid, use clean and fit pottery basin, porcelain basin or plastic basin, cover the bottom hole with tile or window screening, put part of the matrix first, put the root system to stretch, and the plant is upright in the basin. Fill the matrix around the roots and shake the pots so that the roots are in close contact with the substrate. Then dilute the nutrient solution from around the pots until the bottom holes are oozing out. For taller plants, a small amount of stones or ceramsite can be placed on the substrate to fix the root system to prevent it from being blown by the wind. 6 Maintenance and management, after which the leaves are often sprayed with water. According to the size of the plants, supplemented with a small amount of diluted nutrient solution each week. China Agricultural Network Editor