Sheep breeding station is the dominant area for breeding in China. Because mutton is a nourishing good product, it is popular among consumers in daily life. However, there are serious problems in the breeding of mutton sheep in China. If it is not solved in time, it will affect the development of sheep breeding. The following are the problems and countermeasures for the breeding of mutton sheep in the southern region for your reference. 1 Problems in the breeding of mutton sheep in the southern agricultural areas 1.1 Science and technology investment is not high The southern agricultural area continues the traditional mode of production and management. The planting industry is dominated by food crops. The aquaculture industry mainly uses grain-consuming pigs and supplemented with sheep. Forage planting is mainly based on crops and straws of agricultural and sideline products. Supplementation; the degree of feed modulation is low, the use of TMR diet is not high; the level of agricultural livestock technology investment is low. 1.2 Limited resource carrying capacity The development of aquaculture is closely related to the carrying capacity of resource conditions. China's per capita resource occupancy rate is relatively low, especially in densely populated areas in the south. At the end of 2016, the per capita arable land area in Zhejiang was about 0.0353 hm 2 , which was lower than the warning line of per capita arable land determined by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (0.05 hm 2 ). The shortage of per capita arable land also limited the scale of mutton sheep farming in the southern region. In addition, in addition to the constraints of objective resource conditions, the development of the meat sheep industry is also affected by factors such as rising international food raw material prices, deep processing and transportation consumption. 1.3 Ecological environment governance constraints The development of large-scale farming will inevitably produce a large amount of excrement. Once the livestock manure exceeds the soil carrying capacity, the soil quality will be degraded. Excess feces will eventually flow into the water environment through rainwater erosion and underground runoff, which will also seriously affect the water quality. Threat. The ecological self-purification capacity of the southern region is limited. Take Jiangsu Province as an example. If all the vegetable crops are planted, the stocking rate in Jiangsu Province in 2010 is 80%, which is relatively saturated, but still within the controllable range. For cereal crops, the stocking rate in Jiangsu Province will exceed the standard, reaching 127%. 1.4 Lack of quality lamb products Nowadays, the world's major mutton sheep producing countries are vigorously developing fat lamb breeding. In China, the production of high-quality sheep and lambs in the production of mutton sheep is relatively late and the proportion is low. The lamb production value only accounts for 4%~6% of the total output value of mutton sheep. There are several reasons for this: First, the farmers' theoretical knowledge is weak, the ideological cognition of farming has not changed, and the proportion of lamb meat input into production is low. Second, the lack of high-quality mutton grading evaluation standards can not mobilize investors and producers. Enthusiasm; third, the lack of specialized mutton sheep breeds in the southern region leads to insufficient supply of high-quality fat lambs; fourth, the shortage of production and processing technology for high-quality high-grade lamb meat restricts the extension and scale development of the mutton industry industry chain, making the current quality of mutton in China Not high enough to meet the high-end demand in the international market, seriously hindering the development of high-quality meat sheep industry in the South. 2 Countermeasures 2.1 Vigorously develop granulated TMR technology. Traditional breeding of mutton sheep adopts free-feeding coarse materials and limited feeding of concentrates. The volatility of feeding is large, the diet is not balanced, resulting in unstable rumen pH value of sheep, feed utilization. The low rate has caused the problem of increased production cost of mutton sheep, low degree of commercialization and poor product quality to some extent, which is not in line with the needs of large-scale production and modernization of animal husbandry. According to Jiang Tao and other studies, TMR technology can effectively prolong the turnover and digestion time of nitrogen in the rumen and promote the absorption of nutrients by ruminants. Chai Junxiu and other experiments have found that TMR technology can also significantly improve the hygiene of breeding environment and improve the disease resistance of sheep. force. There are still several problems to be solved in TMR feed. First, the feeding standards for meat sheep used in China are still based on foreign standards. The feeding standards in specific regions of the South are not yet sound, and the origin, harvesting time and preparation method of each raw material. Different from the storage situation, it is necessary to adjust the proportion of raw materials at any time, and the technical requirements are high. Secondly, there are still some difficulties in the fine feeding of mutton sheep. The TMR technology is a balanced supply and demand solution for the different physiological stages and production purposes of mutton sheep. In theory, The finer the clustering, the better, but considering the convenience of production practices and the stress problems caused by frequent clustering, the number of clusters depends mainly on the production stage of the flock, the size of the flock, and the existing facilities. 2.2 Development of fat lambs for feeding and fattening Fat lamb is transferred to fattening after weaning at 30~60 days of age. The slaughtered lamb can be slaughtered at a weight of 32~35 kg from 4 to 6 months old. The meat is fresh, the nutritional value is high, the fat and cholesterol content is low, the astringency is light, and it is easily absorbed by the human body, so it is favored by consumers. Breeding fat lambs should strengthen the breeding of high-quality and high-yield meat breeders. Generally, sheep with good meat quality, fast growth and strong fertility are selected, such as Dubo sheep and Huyang, which have strong adaptability to the environment. The large-scale breeding situation in the southern region and the breeding and breeding of the offspring are good. Sheep introduction. 2.3 Improve the industrial chain of meat sheep When planning a sheep farm, many enterprises do not seriously study and calculate the demand for the forage for the whole year. The forage production is insufficient, or long-term feeding with a single forage (such as silage) cannot guarantee the date. The full-price nutrition of the grain leads to poor feeding. It is costly in processing and transportation, and lacks product features. It is often competitive in the market. Therefore, we must comprehensively consider the needs of different periods of the flock, the size of the sheep farm and the specific environment of the location, and build high-quality mutton sheep breeding, high-quality green forage production base, compound feed production, meat sheep mechanized slaughter production line, mutton product processing and organic fertilizer plant. The integrated meat sheep breeding industry chain and the creation of the meat sheep brand can better adapt to the development of the contemporary animal husbandry. In recent years, the development of aquaculture in China is very rapid, and sheep farming has a good development prospect. It is also worthy of the breeds that farmers choose to breed. The above are about the problems and countermeasures of mutton sheep farming in the south. Please hurry to collect them.
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