Apple orchard winter irrigation is very important

Precautions

During the winter irrigation period, the apple tree winter irrigation should be carried out before the soil is frozen. Generally, the average ground temperature of 5 cm soil layer is 5℃ and the temperature is 3℃ (that is, the night freezes and the day disappears). Winter irrigation is too late, because the temperature is low, the soil is compacted, the water cannot penetrate, the water freezes, and the fruit tree roots are vulnerable to freezing damage; the early temperature is still relatively high and the evaporation is large, which is not conducive to water storage and moisture preservation.

Irrigation methods are used in orchards with sufficient water sources and well-equipped irrigation facilities, using border irrigation or ring furrow irrigation. In orchards with insufficient water sources and poor conditions, they can be irrigated with disk-shaped soil ridges around the periphery of the canopy; for orchards with conditions, drip irrigation and infiltration irrigation are effective.

Benefits of winter irrigation

Improving cold resistance can promote the release of latent heat and soil water condensation heat from the tree body, and improve the cold resistance of fruit trees.

Speeding up the heat of organic manure is beneficial to the absorption of minerals by the root system and increases the accumulation of nutrients by the tree.

It can prevent drought and winter irrigation can alleviate the contradiction between leaf transpiration and water supply in winter, and avoid the freezing of fruit trees due to lack of water.

It can prevent wind-eroded slope hills and beaches with loose soil and poor adhesion. Winter irrigation can keep the soil in a moist state, keep warm, keep moisture and prevent freezing.

Several water-saving irrigation techniques

Well irrigation is mostly used in orchards with good water resources. When well irrigating, dig and repair water channels according to the rows of fruit trees, irrigate them thoroughly, increase root moisture, and improve the ability of fruit trees to survive the winter.

For orchards with insufficient root water sources, use soil around the fruit trees to build an oval soil ridge with a height of 15-20 cm to prevent watering from dripping out, to achieve the purpose of watering concentration and promote infiltration. On the second day of watering, plow the roots with soil and grow 15-20 cm high to protect the roots.

Drip irrigation refers to an irrigation method in which water is dripped evenly and slowly into the soil of the root zone of a crop through a dripper or drip tape installed on the capillary. It is more suitable for mountain orchards and can save water by 60%~70%, but the investment is relatively large. A large reservoir and a complete set of drip irrigation machinery and equipment are required, and technical attention must be paid to prevent pipeline blockage.

Rainwater harvesting cellar irrigation This method is suitable for areas with severe water shortages, mainly to collect invalid precipitation in the rainy season into effective precipitation. Build a rainwater cellar in the ground, which can be built into a simple water tower. It is usually connected to the infiltration irrigation system, and can also be pumped and pressurized mechanically (water pump) to match the micro-sprinkler irrigation.

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