The human tongue has a range of specific taste sensation neural receptors called taste receptors which are organized mainly as papillae on the tongue. When stimulated by chemicals, natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic, cations or anions, the receptors send signals to the brain which interprets the stimulations as sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and savory (unami, meaty taste). For examples, cations such as Na+ present in the table salt evoke the salty taste, and H+ presents in acids evokes a sour taste. Organic compounds such as sugars, dextrins and glycerol result in sweet taste, glutamate results in savory taste, while many toxic compounds such as nicotine, morphine, caffeine, quinine, etc. result in bitter taste. The sensation of tastes is an evolution trait for defense against poisons (normally evoke bitter taste), and for allowance of nutrients intake (normally evoke sweet or savory taste).
Sugar is a natural sweetener as well as a nutrient consumed in vast quantity around the world. It is one of the major calorie intakes by humans. Over consumption of sugar often leads to obesity and other related medical conditions. High blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) is a manifestation of the disease diabetic mellitus; if not managed properly, it could lead to a range of medical complications. To combat these medical conditions, high potency Sweeteners with no calorie or low calorie intake are often being used to substitute sugar. Proper control of calorie intake, coupled with the use of these sugar substitutes has been very effective in managing the medical conditions.
Besides the medical indications, using sugar substitutes brings the economic benefit of lowering the cost of many foods and consumer products, from soft drinks to cakes, pasties, and even toothpastes.
A variety of chemical compounds, natural or synthetic, can evoke sweet taste, but not all of them are safe (for example lead acetate has a sweet taste but it is extremely toxic), nor are sweet taste specific (for examples, many of synthetic sweeteners can also evoke other senses of taste such as bitterness or metallic sensation). Therefore, selection of the right sweetener for a specific use depends not only on the cost, but also more importantly on the health and safety, the sweetening potency, the effectiveness under various physical conditions such as cooking temperature (heat stability) and pH, as well as other unwanted tense of tastes of the sweetener.
At Sunshine Biotech, we have the expertise and technical know-hows to help you make the right selection for the right use.
Sweeteners Artificial Sweetener,Stevia Liquid,Aspartame Powder,Neotame Powder Nanjing Sunshine Biotech Co., Ltd , http://www.sunshine-bio.com
Limousin cattle is native to France and is distributed in many countries around the world. Our country has been introduced for many years and can be used as a parent of the cross. Limousin cattle is famous for producing high quality meat pieces. The bones are fine, and the meat rate is high. The slaughter age is 18 months, the live weight is more than 500 kilograms, the slaughter rate is 68%, the net meat rate is more than 54%, and the meat is tender and marble-like. The lean meat percentage is as high as 80%-85%, which is an ideal variety for producing high quality beef. Its coat is red and yellow, its abdomen, limbs and tail are light pink, short hair, smooth and bright; angle is waxy yellow, angle is Longmen angle; body is long and wide, muscles are full, muscles of shoulders and hips are developed. The ribs are open, the back is straight, flat, and the limbs are strong; the bull's neck is thick and bulging, and the bones are thin. The adult bull weighed 950–1100 kilograms, had a height of 139.25 centimeters, a body length of 169.17 centimeters, a cow body height of 127.3 centimeters and a body length of 149.87 centimeters. Using Limousin to improve cattle has a good effect. According to the determination by the Institute of Animal Husbandry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the first generation of heavy male prostitutes averaged 27 kilograms and the average female prostitute was 25 kilograms. Under normal feeding conditions, the average weight of the bull was 325 kilograms and 282 kilograms of cows; the weight of the bull was 569 kilograms at 2 years old, the cows were 425 kilograms, and the ratio was 25% to 40%. The hybrid yaks began feeding at 3 months old and the 6-month-old male cubs weighed 180-220 kg. After weaning, the animals were directly intensively fattened. The average weight was 415.8 kg per year and the largest individual was 489 kg. The cattle can be kept in most parts of our country. Limousin is resistant to rough feeding, and all pasture and crop stalks can be fed. Under house-feeding conditions, the grass is fed 3 times daily and concentrate feed 2 times. Bulls need to forage grass 10 kg, fine material 5 kg; cows need to forage grass 6 kg, fine material 3 kg.