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The fattening period for meat ducks typically lasts between 4 to 8 weeks. During this time, the goal is to help ducks gain weight quickly and reach market weight in a short period. To achieve this efficiently, the following six key points should be carefully considered and implemented:
1. **Feed Adjustment**: At around 4 weeks of age, it's important to switch the ducks from their brooding feed to a specialized fattening feed. The pellets used during this phase should have a diameter of 3–4 mm. The protein content in the fattening feed is usually lower than that of the brooding feed, as the focus shifts from growth to weight gain.
2. **Water Supply**: Water is essential for meat ducks, especially during the fattening period. Ducks require constant access to clean, fresh water, particularly when being fed pelleted feed. Dehydration can lead to reduced feed intake and slower weight gain.
3. **Litter Management**: If raising ducks on the floor, the bedding must be kept dry and loose. Litter should be regularly replaced or refreshed to prevent moisture buildup. Poor litter conditions can lead to issues like breast blisters, which not only affect the duck’s health but also reduce the quality of the meat.
4. **Stocking Density**: During the fattening period, ducks are usually raised on the ground. The recommended stocking density varies by age: 7–8 ducks per square meter at 4 weeks, 6–7 at 5 weeks, 5–6 at 6 weeks, and 4–5 at 7 weeks. In colder seasons like winter and spring, the density can be slightly increased, provided proper ventilation and temperature control are maintained.
5. **Feeding Schedule**: Ducks should be fed 3 times a day with an additional feeding at night. If using wet feed, grains such as corn or wheat can be offered once at night to support energy intake. Using a feeding trough helps minimize waste and ensures even distribution of food.
6. **Duck Bedding**: Providing elevated duck beds can improve hygiene and comfort. A bed about 30 cm high can be set up inside the duck house. Ducks will prefer to rest on clean, dry bedding, and regular removal of droppings underneath the bed is crucial for maintaining a healthy environment.
By following these practices, farmers can ensure optimal growth, better health, and higher-quality meat production. Proper management during the fattening period plays a vital role in the overall success of meat duck farming.