Scientific Name: Prunus padus
Common Names: European bird cherry, thick pear, cypress
Genus: Prunus
Prunus padus is a deciduous tree native to China, as well as regions such as Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu. It is also found in Europe, Russia, North Korea, and Japan. This species prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It is highly cold-resistant and thrives in deep, fertile, well-drained sandy loam soil.
The tree typically reaches a height of around 15 meters. Its bark is grayish-brown or dark brown, while the branchlets are purple-brown. The leaves are alternate, ovate-elliptic or obovate in shape, with finely toothed margins. The inflorescence is a raceme that bears more than 20 white, fragrant flowers, each about 1.5 cm in diameter. Flowering occurs from April to May.
The fruit is a subglobose drupe, usually black or purple in color. Propagation is typically done through seeds, which can be sown in spring or autumn. When transplanting seedlings, it's best to keep as much soil as possible around the roots to ensure better survival.
Prunus padus is a popular ornamental tree due to its striking appearance. In early spring, it produces large clusters of white flowers, while in summer and autumn, the fruits turn black or purple-red. In the fall, the leaves turn bright yellow or red, making it a visually appealing addition to gardens. It is commonly used in landscape design, especially in northern regions.
Other commonly cultivated species in the same genus include Prunus buergeriana, Fraxinus maackii (though not a Prunus), and Prunus virginiana. These trees share similar characteristics and are often used in horticulture for their beauty and adaptability.
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